Senin, 27 Agustus 2012

Passive Voice



Passive Voice in Present Tense

Look at the following sentences:
  • The carpet is made of plastic.
  • Plastics are produced in Indonesia.
  • The book is printed in Medan.
We use the Passive Voice when we want to focus on the person or thing affected by the action, rather than  on the 'doer' of the action.

      We use be + past participle ( Verb3 ) to form the sentence.

Practice 1.
Complete the sentences using  the right form of  present passive.
Number one is done for you.

1.   Cars are produced in Japan. ( produce )
2.   Many different languages .... in India. ( speak )
3.   All kinds of food .... in supermarket. ( sell )
4.   In Bali, notices .... in Indonesian and English. ( Write )
5.   Football .... in most coutries in the world. ( play )
6.   This book .... by Erlangga. ( publish )
7.   Every five years, a new president .... ( elect )
8.   The homework ..... on Monday mornings. ( collect )
9.   Electricity .... by power station. ( generate )
10. Cartoon films ....on TV every afternoon. ( show )

Practice 2.
Change the sentences into passive.
Number one is done for you.

1.   We celebrate our Independence Day on 17th August.
      Our Independence  Day is  celebrated on 17th august.
2.   Farmers grow rice in the rice field.
3.   Air pollution causes health problems.
4.   People speak Arabic in Egypt.
5.   A robot operates the machine.
6.   They clean this house every week.
7.   A technician checks this computer every week.
8.   We put the food in the refrigerator.
9.   The students attend the study club on Wednesday.
10. The soldiers guard the buildings.

Practce 3.
Complete the sentences using one of these verbs in the correct form.

         cover    show     cause     paint      make     translate      employ     cut

1.   Many accident .... by dangerous driving
2.  Cheese ...... from milk.
3.   A cinema is a place where films ....
4.   Two hundred people ....by the company.
5.   The park .....completely by snow in winter.
6    The books ..... into English.
7.   The grass .....frequently.
8.   The house .... blue.

Practice 4.
Change these active sentences into passive sentences.

1.   Eva invites me.
2.   My father plays the guitar.
3.   Gina and Tina do their home works.
4.   Jane closes the door.
5.   I help Gina.
6.   The printer prints my document.
7.   Olivia writes a biography book.
8.   The teacher explains the lesson.
9.   Ahmad prepares the party.
10. A horse pulls the farmer's wagon.

Practice 5.
Complete these active sentences with correct be (is, am, are).

1.   The door ...... opened by Jean.
2.   The window ........closed by Sam.
3.   The documents ......... printed with the printer.
4.   I ........invited by Gina.
5.   The order .........taken by the waiter.
6.   Eva .......called by her mother.

Practice 6.
Rearrange these jumbled words to make a passive sentence.

1.   is - Eva's - stolen - wallet - a thief - by
2.   Azis - brochures - are - the - sent - by
3.   publisher - the - are - published - by - books - the
4.   waiters - served - customers - by - are - waitresses - and
5.   taught - Jaja - that - is - by - Prof - course
6.   news - I - surprised - am - by - the

 

Passive Voice in Past Tense

Look at the following sentences.
  • Printing machines were invented in 1450.
  • News was spread verbally or in written letters.
  • The house was built in 1995.
  • Some computers were stolen last night.
We use the passive voice when we want to focus on the person or thing affected by the action in the past, rather than on the 'doer' of the action.

We use : was/were + past participle ( verb3 ) to form the past passive

Practice 1.
Change following sentences into passive.
Number one is done for you.

1.   People built this hotel in 1998.
      This hotel was built in 1998.
2.   An artist painted this picture last year.
3.   The ancient Egyptian built the Pyramids from about 2630 BC until
      about 1530 BC.
4.   The Norman invaded England in 1066.
5.   The ancient Javanese built Borobudur in the 9th century.
6.   Alexamder Graham Bell invented telephone in 1876.
7.   People manufactured these computers in Malaysia.
8.   Some people redecorated the office last night.
9.   Somebody burnt the trees in the back yard yesterday.
10. The Wright brothers flew the first heavier than air plane in 1903.
Practice 2.
Complete the following News with the right forms of passive.

Here is the News.
Last night, two houses (damaged) were damaged by a landslide. Fortunetly, nobody (kill) 1)...... Four people (injure) 2) ......and  (take) 3) ......to the nearest hospital. All of them (release) 4) ......this morning after they (treat) 5) ......by the doctors. A group of soldiers (order) 6) ......to help local people fix the broken buildings. – JP
Read the passage carefully.


Plastics

       Today plastics have become important parts in modern life. Most of things around us contain plastics, or are made of plastics. Our blankets are made of nylon, a kind of plastics. The carpet is made of plastics. The ballpoints  or pens we write with are made of plastics. The pans and pots we use to cook with, the toys the children play with, even the cars people drive, all have important plastics components. Do you work or plat with a computer? Some components of your computer are made of plastics.
       Plastics have some advantages. They are relatively cheap to produce. Some plastics are made hard as stone and strong as steel. Some plastics are produced transparent as glass, light as wood, and elastics as rubber. Plastics are also produced in almost any colors. They are lightweight, waterproof, and chemical resistant.
       However, plastics also have some disadvantages. When they are burned, some plastics produced poisonous smoke. Although  certain plastics are designed to withstand temperatures as high as 288 degree Celcius, in general plastics  are not used in extremely hot condition. The worst thing is that are not easily broken  down into simpler components because of their molecular stability. As result, plastics can cause soil or water pollution.


Answer the following questions.
1.   Why are plastics important for modern life?
2.   Look around you. What is made of plastics?
3.   What are the advantages of plastics?
4.   What are the disadvantages of plastics?
5.   Why can plastics cause soil or water pollution?

students worksheet 9.1


 

 MY NEIGHBOURHOOD

Task 1. Read the text below and answer the questions.


Safari Park is like zoo but animals are not caged there. Giraffes, monkey, hippopotamus, even lions and tigers wander around freely. Perhaps you may think, what if these animals attack you. No, they won’t.Because, you look at them from inside your car or bus. Here, it is the other way around. At the zoo, the animals are locked in the cage. At Safari Park you are the ones who are locked inside your vehicle
.

  1. What is Safari Park like?
  2. Can the animals at Safari Park attack you?
  3. How do the animals wander in Safari Park?
  4. Where can you look at the animals safely?
  5. Who are locked at Safari Park?

Task 2. Complete these sentences with the correct words in the box.


           beautiful         village         places         blocks            field


  1. I lived in a small …. behind a little hill.
  2. My father’s office is five …. from our house.
  3. She lives in a small ….town
  4. We had a large rice ….behind our house.
  5. We visited many beautiful ….there.

Task 3. Rearrange these jumbled words into a  good sentence.

  1. is – lake – grandparent’s – a – behind – my – there – house
  2. station – and – police – bank – public – the – park – the – is – between – the
  3. the – and – are – clean – surroundings – comfortable
  4. library – goes – the – almost – he – everyday – to – school
  5. letters – old – send – me – once – a – my – month – friends

Task 4. Complete the sentences with the correct words in the box.

          
              listens to        gives            lives          have          arrive


  1. My family ….in quite a big city.
  2. They ….a small barn between their house and the field.
  3. My brother and I …..at school at 8:00 o’clock every morning.
  4. My sister …..her favorite music in her room every night.
  5. He always ….money to charity for  the children in the orphanage.

students worksheets 8.1

 


 I WAS FREEZING

Task 1. Read the text and answer the questions.

 
  Dear Galih,

As there is no snow at our town even in winter season, our father’s friend took us to a town hundred miles away. We stayed there for three days. I woke up and found out that snow had fallen heavily the night before. I walked around the yard. We took a trip to  a lake to do ice skating sport. We played snowball. It was wonderful having a good trip to the ice lake.

    Warm regards
    Rooney


  1. Who took the writer to the town?
  2. How many days did the stay?
  3. How far was the town?
  4. What did they make at the ice lake?
  5. What did people do on the ice lake?

Task 2. Rearrange these jumbled words into a good sentence.

  1. met – last – Erna – night – I
  2. I – her – classmate – was – years – three – ago
  3. moved – ago – she – to – one – England – year
  4. gave – she – me – picture – her
  5. got – email – confirmation – I

Task 3. Complete these sentences with the suitable words provided in the box.

         dance         stage        cinema          theatre         costume         ticket  
                   audience          musician            play             painting

  1. Actors and actress act on the ….
  2. You have to buy a …. when you want to see the show.
  3. ‘Hamlet’ is famous ….
  4. As an actor he should wear his …. by himself.
  5. He likes to see the film on ….every Saturday.
  6. Legong is a traditional …from Bali.
  7. We usually  go to the ….to see an opera.
  8. Kenny G is a good ….He can play saxophone.
  9. Monalisa is a famous …. By Leonardo Da Vinci.
  10. The …. Gave a big applause.

Task 4. Rearrange these jumbled sentences into a good paragraph.
  1. It attracted large audiences through out the country.
  2. Most of the scenes were shot in Lembang
  3. ‘Petualangan Sherina’ is an attractive Indonesian musical film.
  4. More than 1.2 millions people watched the film.
  5. The movie was a great success.
  6. It was created by Mira Lesmana

Kamis, 02 Agustus 2012

kelas VIII,letter

Personal letter


                                                              Jl. Teuku Umar, 12 Malang                      
                                                                   Jawa Timur

                                                                   March 20, 2004

Dear Betty,
     I am writing to you concerning of my last day in Jogja. I just got back from Borobudur, the most wonderful temple I’ve ever been. The weather is fine. We are now staying in a hotel. It’s not  far Malioboro. We are treated well here.
     It has many excellent staffs who serve customers. We plan to go around Malioboro after the children take a short nap. We want to enjoy having ‘lesehan’ there. It is a kind of restaurant but we sit on the ground.
     Many kinds of local handicraft are sold along Malioboro street. Both domestic and foreign tourists are interested in them. I want to buy some souvenirs.
Don’t worry, I’ll also buy you the most interesting one.

Love

Dara


Questions:
1.   When is the letter written?
2.   To whom is the letter written?
3.   Who is the letter from?
4.   The text gives us information about?
5.   How do the staffs serve the customers of the hotel?

Read the letter then answer the questions


                                                                              45 High Way Singapore
                                                                                    September 2nd, 2011

Dear Ratna,
     I’m surprised to receive your letter. I’m delighted to get your invitation to spend the coming holidays with you in your country. I’m pleased to accept your invitation. Luckily I’m completely free then, so I’ll say “yes”, and I’m able to come to Indonesia on December 27th. The idea of visiting interesting place sounds marvelous, and I promise to bring your favorite food for the journey for you. Well, see you then

Love

Valentine


Questions:
1.   What is the relationship between the reader and the writer?
2.   How does Valentine feel when he receive Ratna’s letter?
3.   When did Valentine write the letter?
4.   Where does she live?
5.   When is Valentine able to come to Indonesia?
6.   What does she promise?


Work in pairs. The following is parts of a letter that is sent by a student to the teacher. These parts are made jumbled. Copy these parts and put them in their appropriate place.

I have to come with my mother to a family’s wedding ceremony
Wieke Rumaropen
June 13, 2008
Dear
Hopefully I can cath up with the materials I will miss from your class
Please accept my appology for not attending your class on june 15, 2008
Sincerely yours
Thank you


Study the following e-mail messages between two friends. Then answer the questions.


Hi Jegeg,

You’re right, Geg. The test will be held soon, starting from june 8. Here is some information you need. Students are asked to have their own stationary. No dictionary is allowed. Lateness is not tolerated. Cheating is prohibited.
The students card must be presented. The first day is biology.
Well, I’ve got to go now. We all miss you. See you soon. Take good care.

Love.
Bagus


Quetions
1. Who wrote the email?
2. Who was the email for?
3. Why did the sender write this email?
4. What ought Jegeg to bring to the test?
5. What is tested on the first day?

Read the text and answer the questions.

Dear Shakira,

Thank for your last letter. I am happy to read your story about your home village. It is a really wonderful village for me.
My village lies between two beautiful mountains. It has not only fresh water but also clean air. There is a nice lake behind my yard. I spend my spare time there not only for swimming but also for fishing  with my school mates.
I hope we can swim in this lovely lake someday.

Cheers,

Windy


  1. Who writes the letter?
  2. What is behind the writer’s yard?
  3. Where does the writer’s village lie?
  4. What does the writer do to spend her spare time?
  5. Whom does the writer go fishing with?

Read the following poem!
Cultural notes

Around the Year
In January the year just begins.
In February there’s a Valentine for everyone.
In March the winds can blow and blow.
In April spring comes and there’s no more snow.
In May the air is fresh and clean.
In June the grass is long and green.
In July the sun is high in the sky.
In August hot winds go blowing by.
In September we children go to school.
In October Halloween fun is the rule.
In November we have a day of Thanksgiving.
In December there’s holiday fun in giving.

After reading the poem, answer these questions.
1. How many cultural events are there in the poem?
2. What season is mentioned?
3. Describe the air in May.
4. How is the grass in June?
5. How is the sun in July?
6. How would you feel in August? What season do you think it is?
7. Why do you have ‘holiday fun in giving’ in December?
8. Which countries do you think experience those events?

Read the text carefully.

The Sun and the Wind

The Wind one day said to the Sun," I am stronger than you."
" Oh no! " said the Sun, " I am stronger than you."
Just then they saw a man on the road. " Do you see that man?" said the Wind. " He has a coat on. Can you make him take it off? I think I can do so, but I know that you can not."
" Of course I can," said the Sun.
" Well," said the Wind, " If you can do so and I can not, then you are stronger than I am, and if I can do so and you can not, then I am stronger than you."
" Very well," answered the Sun. " You try first."
The Wind began to blow. He blew and he blew, but he could not make the man take his coat off.
As you know, when the Wind blows it is cold, and then we want to keep our coats on.
Finally the Wind said to the Sun, " Now you try."
The Sun began to shine. He shone brightly.
As you know, when the Sun shines brightly it is hot, and then we do not want to keep our coats on. So the man took his coat off.
" You see," said the Sun to the Wind, " I am indeed stronger than you."



Exercise
Answer these questions!

Present
 1.   What does the Sun do?
 2.   What does the Wind do?
 3.   Is it hot or cold in Summer?
 4.   Is it hot or cold in Winter?
 5.   Is it hot or cold today?
 6.   Does the Sun shine at 3 A.M?

Past
 7.   What did the  Sun do?
 8.   What did the Wind do?
 9.   Did the man take his coat off in the end?
10. Who made him take it off?
11. Who was stronger, the Sun or the Wind?
12. Where was the man?


EXERCISE
Write this out with full-stops and capital letters.


tom lived in the country his father was a farmer he had two sisters their name were lily and rose every day they went to school tom had a horse his father had fields there were hens and cows in the farmyard there was also a dog

kelas IX,report text

Reading Comprehension


GORILLAS

       Gorillas are the largest of all the primates. A male gorilla can be 180 centimeters tall and can weigh 200 kilograms. Gorillas are very strong but they do not often fight. In fact they are peaceful animals.
       Gorillas live in small family groups of about 15. In a group there is one strong, older male, some young males, and a few females with their babies.They move slowly around a large area of jungle eating leaves and bushes.
       In some ways gorillas are very like humans. When they are happy, they laugh and wave their arms. When they are angry, they beat their chests. When they are sad, they cry. But they cry quietly, without any tears.
      Unfortunately, people hunt and kill gorillas. They also cut down and burn their trees. There are now only about 10,000 gorillas left in the world.


Questions:
1. How tall can gorillas be?
2. How much can they weigh?
3. Do gorillas like fighting?
4. Where do they live?
5. Do gorillas usually live alone?
6. What do they eat?
7. What do gorillas do when they are happy? Sad? Angry?
8. How many gorillas are there left in the world?
9. Why are not there many left?

Vocabulary
1.  A male gorilla can be 180 centimeters tall and can weigh 200 kilograms.
2.  Gorillas are very strong but they do not often fight.
3.  Gorillas are the largest of all the primates.
4.  Gorillas live in small family groups of about 15.
5.  In some ways gorillas are very like humans.
6.  They move slowly around a large area of jungle eating leaves and bushes.
7.  When they are happy, they laugh and wave their arms.
8.  When they are angry, they beat their chests.
9.  In a group there is one strong, older male, some young males,
     and a few females with their babies.
10. When they are sad, they cry.
11. But they cry quietly, without any tears.
12. Unfortunately, people hunt and kill gorillas.
13. They also cut down and burn their trees.
14. There are now only about 10,000 gorillas left in the world.


Elephants: The Amazing Animals

     Elephants are the largest land animals on earth. They have the largest brains of any mammal. Elephants talk to each other. Researchers have discovered more than 50 different types of calls that they use to communicate with each other.
     Their trunks are strong enough to pick up trees but sensitive enough to pick up a flower. They use them as tools to sweep paths, to scratch themselves, to swat flies, and to draw in the dirt.
     They are good swimmers and use their trunks like snorkels. They live together in family groups. They help each other when in trouble. They join together to care for and rescue their young.


Comprehension questions
1. What kind of animal is reported in the text?
2. What is its brain like?
3. Mention its parts of the body as described in the text.
4. Which of the following descriptions is not correct?
    a. Elephants can’t take flowers.
    b. They can communicate well with their babies.
    c. They are cooperative among others.
5. How do they sweep paths?
6. Who discovered that elephants have different types of calls they use for
    communication?
7. Do elephants like to isolate themselves from other elephants?  Why or why not?

                                         
DANCING BIRDS

    Many birds dance to attract a mate, especially in springtime. From pigeons to parrots, birds like to show themselves off by dancing. Have a look at the birds near where you live and see what kinds of dances they perform.
    Ostriches are the only birds which dance for fun. Early in the morning, the birds gather and begin to dance in circles on tip-toes with their wings outstretched. Very soon, the whole group joins in with the twirling dance.
    Scientists think that this dance is purely an expression of joy at being alive!
 

Comprehension questions
1. What kind of bird is reported in the text?
2. Why do they dance?
3. Which of the following description is not correct?
     a. Birds may dance to attract their mates.
     b. Ostriches dance for fun.
     c. Ostriches dance without their friends.
4. When do they dance?
5. Who says that the ostriches’ dancing is an expression of joy?
6. The writer uses a pronoun to replace a noun. What does ‘their’ in ‘their wings
    outstretched’ refer to?
    a.  circles         b.  tip-toes       c.  ostriches

Fill in the blanks with is, are, have or has.
1. There ….. many types of flowers in the park.
2. A seed ….. a food store, an embryo, and a seed coat.
3. All cheetahs ….. a small head and small ears.
4. Cheetahs ….. the fastest runners on land.
5. ….. there any cheetah in the zoo near your house?
6. There ….. no singing bird in the park near my house.
7. Baluran ….. a national park located in Banyuwangi.
8. Tigers ….. sharp teeth, so do cats.
9. There ….. much water under the ground.
10. A singing bird ….. a very beautiful sound.


The foolish girl

   Dolly was a young girl. She worked on a farm. She had to milk the cows and feed the hens. This was hard work, but Dolly was a good worker and did her work carefully.
   One day her mistress said to her, " Dolly, you do your work well, so I am going to give you a present. Here is a whole jug of milk for yourself. Take it to the market and sell it there and you can keep the money for yourself."
   Dolly was happy. She put the large jug of milk on her head and walked along the road.While she walked she thought. She said to herself. I shall get much money for this milk. With the money I shall buy some hens. The hens will lay eggs. From the eggs I shall get more hens. These hens I shall sell, and with the money I shall buy a new dress.
   " How beautiful I shall look in my new dress! I shall be more beautiful than all the other girls. They will want to walk with me, but I shall not  walk wihth them. All the men  will want to dance with me, but  I shall not dance with them-at first. When they come near me I shall just turn my head away, like this...."
   As she thought this she really turned her head. At once the jug of milk fell down and all the milk flowed away. So this was the end of the foolish girl's thoughts for the future. She had now no milk to sell, no hens to buy, no eggs to get, and no dress to make her look more beautiful than the other girls.



LANGUAGE FOCUS


She is a bad worker 
She is a careful worker 
She is a happy worker 
She is a good worker 
She is a hard 

-          
She works badly
She works carefully
She works happily
She works well
She works hard

EXERCISE
Complete these sentences

1.   He is a slow walker. 
2.   The Sun is bright.  
3.   She is a beautiful singer.  
4.   He was hungry.  
5.   He is a splendid writer.  
6.   He is a bad speaker.  
7.   He is a good runner.  
8.   He is a hard worker.  
9.   He is a careful rider.  
10. He was happy.  


He walks slowly.
It shines ....
She sings ....
He ate his lunch ....
He writes ....
He speaks ....
He runs ....
He works ....
He rides ....
He danced ....

Complete these sentences:
1.   A careful writer does not make any ....
2.   You must do your work again because you did not do it ....
3.   I can not hear you. Please speak more ....
4.   I can not see your face. Please ....round.
5.   The farmer sells his hens at the ....
6.   Hens .... eggs.
7.   Rivers .... into the sea.
8.   When we are happy we want to jump and ....
9.   Dolly had to .... the cows and .... the hens.
10. Dolly's .... gave her a .... she worked.

If these sentences are not right, correct them
1.   The letter Z is the first letter of the alphabet.
2.   A butcher sells grapes.
3.   There are sixty five seconds in a minute.
4.   We wash ourselves with chalk and ink.
5.   When we buy something we receive money.
6.   We play football with our teeth.
7.   The teacher's desk is behind the blackboard.
8.   Wednesday is the third day of the week.
9.   There are three syllables in the word children
10. Seven and eight make eighteen


 

Television

Television, or TV, is one of humanity's most important means of communication. It brings pictures and sounds from around the world into millions of homes.

People with a television set can sit in their house and watch the president makes a speech or visits a foreign country. They can see a war being fought, and they can watch government leaders try to bring about peace. Through television, viewers at home can see and learn about people, places, and things in a away lands. Television even takes viewers out of this world as the astronauts explore outer space.

In addition to all these things, television brings its viewers a steady stream of programs that are designed to entertain. In fact, TV provides many more entertainment programs than any other kind of information media. The programs include action-packed dramas, light comedies, soap operas, sports events, cartoons, quizzes, variety shows and motion pictures.

More than 83 million homes in the United States - or 98% of all the country's homes - have at least one television set. On the average, a television set is in use in each home for about 6 3/4 hours each day. As a result, television has an important influence on how people spend their time, as well as on what they see and learn. After they arrive from work, they usually watch TV. Then, the importance of television is proven. 




 

Football

In Indonesia we call it “sepak bola”.In Malaysia they call it “bola sepak “.In Great Britain they call it “football”,while in the U.S.A.,it is called soccer.Whatever you call it,it is the most popular sport in the world.In our country,as in many other counties,it is sometimes called “folk sport” or “olahraga rakyat.”

A football (soccer) team has eleven players.One of them is called goal keeper.He guards the goal.For the names of the other ten players,see the diagram of football field below.

A football game lasts 90 minutes and is devided into two 45-minutes halves.It is officiated by a referee,who is assisted by two linesmen.They signal to the referee by waving a flag when the ball is out of play,when a player is offside,or when a team should be awarded a thrown-in,corner kick or a free kick.A free kick is what we call “tendangan bebas” in Indonsia.


 

  A Hospital

Hospital is a place where people a treated for illness or injures.

In modern hospitals, there are two separated entrances and many parts of rooms to treat people dealing with their health. One of these is for patients in need of immediate treatment. It is the emergency entrance. The other entrance is the main entrance of the hospital.

On the ground floor inside the main entrance there are probably a reception area and waiting room, and also an office. On this floor may also be the laundry and the kitchen.

On the floor above and below are numerous other departments, for examples: a maternity section for mothers and their babies, rooms of patients, operating rooms, and special rooms such a radiography room, laboratories, pharmacy, and blood bank.